福建乌龙茶产业可持续发展的对策建议

通过对福建乌龙茶产业及相关产业链发展现状的调研,分析该产业存在问题,查阅相关资料,提出福建乌龙茶产业的可持续发展不仅要注重茶园的生态建设和休闲旅游开发,提高茶叶的品质及安全,将茶产业与旅游业有机结合,实现茶产业从第一产业向第三产业的跨越升级,更要借鉴国际茶产业应用精深加工开发茶叶副产品的先进经验,重视精深加工技术的研发,提取茶中含有的各种既有“有效成分”又有“活性成分”化学物质,发挥茶的医疗效能,弘扬中医和茶文化结合的荼疗生态文化,为“十二五”实现福建乌龙茶产业的可持续发展提出对策建议。     

Canine Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-like Syndrome in Two Siberian Husky Dogs

Abstract— A syndrome of uveitis, associated with depigmentation and erosion of areas of skin and mucous membrane on the head and, in one dog, on the scrotum, was observed by the authors in two male Siberian Huskies. These clinical signs are similar to the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in man. Histological examination of the affected skin revealed a lichenoid dermatitis of the upper dermis. Intensive topical therapy with mydriatic and cycloplegic drugs and corticosteroids coupled with systemic prednisolone and azathioprine were used to control the disease. Both subjects were monitored for 10 months and retained useful vision. The skin and oral lesions resolved. Résumé— Un syndrome d'uvéite idiopathique, non traumatique, associée à une dépigmentation et une érosion de zones cutanée et muqueuse sur la tête et, chez un chien, sur le scrotum, a été observé par les auteurs sur deux mâles Siberian Huskies. Ces signes cliniques évoquent le syndrome de Vogt—Koyanagi—Harada de l'homme. Un examen histologique de la peau atteinte a montré l'existence d'une dermatite lichénoide du derme superficiel. Un traitement topique intensif par des médicaments mydriatiques et cyclopégiques, ausociéà l'administration systémique de prednisolone et d'azathioprine a été utilisé pour controler la maladie. Les 2 sujets ont été observés pendant 10 mois et ont retrouvé une vision utile. Les lésions cutanées et orales ont guéri. Zusammenfassung— Bei zwei Husky-Rüden wurden von dem Autoren ein Krankheitssyndrom aus idiopathischer, nicht-traumatisch bedingter Uveitis, Depigmentierung einzelner Haut- und Schleimhautbezirke am Kopf und—bei einem Hund—am Skrotum festgestellt. Diese Symptome ähneln dem Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-Syndrom beim Menschen. Bei der histologischen Untersuchung von Biopsien der erkrankten Hautbezirke wurde eine lichénoide Dermatitis der oberen Dermisschichten diagnostiziert. Durch eine intensive örtliche Behandlung mit Mydriatica, Cycloplegica und Corticosteroiden in Kombination mit systemischer Prednisolon- und Azathioptringabe konnte die Erkrankung unter Kontrolle gehalten werden. Beide Patienten wurden 10 Monate überwacht und sahen zufriedenstellend aus. Die Veränderungen an Haut und Mundhöhle bildeten sich zurück. Resumen Los autores describen un síndrome de uveitis no traúmatica idiopática asociada a una despigmentación y erosión de áreas de la piel y de las membranas cutáneas de la cabeza, en un perro y del escroto en otro perro. Ambos animales pertenecían a la raza Siberian Husky. Estos signos clínicos se asemejan en los descritos en la síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada de las personas. El examen histológico mostró la presencia de un infiltrado inflamatorio liquenoide en la dermis superficial. Para el tratamiento a la enfermedad se aplicaron corticosteroides y fármacos midriáticos y ciclopéjicos de forma tópica y prednisona de forma sistémica. Ambos animales fueron controlados durante diez meses y mantuvieron la visión. Las lesiones orales y cutáneas se resolvieron por completo.     

A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 140 DOGS WITH ORAL MELANOMA TREATED WITH EXTERNAL BEAM RADIATION

Despite the early notion that canine oral malignant melanoma is radioresistant, recent data suggest that external beam radiotherapy is effective in local tumor control. However, optimal fractionation schedules have not been established. The high rate of regional and distant metastasis is another problem that has hindered long-term control. The role of chemotherapy in the management of canine oral melanoma has also not been determined. In this study, data from 140 dogs irradiated at North Carolina State University were evaluated with the following objectives: (1) to compare the efficacy of three radiation therapy protocols (36 Gy, 9 Gy x 4 fractions; 30 Gy, 10 Gy x 3 fractions; or >45 Gy, 2-4 Gy x 12-19 fractions) for the treatment of dogs with oral malignant melanoma, (2) to identify any host or tumor factors influencing prognosis, and (3) to determine the impact of systemic chemotherapy on treatment outcome. Information regarding response to therapy, disease progression, and survival were determined from the medical records or from information obtained by telephone or mail survey. Relationships between host, tumor, and treatment variables and outcome measures (response, time to first event, and survival) were evaluated using Fisher's exact test (response) and the Cox regression model (time to first event and survival). The median time to first event for the 140 dogs was 5.0 months (95% C.I., 4-6 months) and the median survival was 7.0 months (95% C.I., 6-9 months). In the univariate analysis, the following variables were associated with increased time to first event and survival: (1) rostral tumor sublocation; (2) lack of bone lysis observed on skull imaging, and (3) microscopic tumor burden. In a multivariate analysis of 111 dogs with complete data for these variables, tumor sublocation, bone lysis, and tumor volume were identified as joint predictors of time to first event (p < .001, p < .001, and p = .04, respectively) and survival (p < .001, p < .001, and p = .05, respectively). There were no differences in response, time to first event and survival between the three radiation therapy protocols used. Systemic chemotherapy had no impact on the development of metastatic disease, time to first event, or survival, although the dosages used in this study were suboptimal. External beam radiation therapy is effective in local disease control of canine oral malignant melanoma; however, the optimal fractionation scheme has yet to be determined. The high metastatic rate observed with this disease and the inefficacy of systemic chemotherapy indicate that further investigation into novel therapies is warranted.     

Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) of a canine-transmissible venereal tumour in a murine model with Pd-bacteriopheophorbide (WST09)

Treatment of canine‐transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) with local vascular‐targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) using Pd‐bacteriopheophorbide (WST09) as a drug is suggested as an alternative to conventional chemotherapy. Male CD1 nude mice were subcutaneously grafted with the xenograft‐transmissible canine venereal tumour (XTVT). The VTP protocol delivered once consisted of intravenous administration of WST09 (10 mg kg^?1) followed by immediate local illumination with a diode laser (763 nm). Controls included animals treated with light or WST09 alone. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations of tumour response were conducted 10, 24 and 48 h after treatment. Upon VTP, tumours underwent necrosis that lasted 8–10 days and exhibited complete healing by 25–35 days, reaching an overall long‐term cure rate (83%) by 90 days after treatment. This study suggests that VTP with WST09 can efficiently treat CTVT in a single session, as compared with 4–6 sessions of chemotherapy and thus may be feasible for common veterinary practice, particularly under ambulatory conditions.     

Transplantation of bcl-2 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function and angiogenesis in rabbit ischemic car-diac insufficiency model

AIM: To investigate the effects of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) modified by bcl-2 gene on myocardial cell apoptosis, angiogenesis and cardiac function in the rabbit after acute myocardial infarction (MI).METHODS: The rabbit BMSCs were isolated, cultured and purified in vitro. The BMSCs were transfected with adenovirus or adenovirus-Bcl-2. The rabbit model of MI was established by ligation of left anterior descending branch. The rabbits were injected with Ad-Bcl-2-BMSCs (MI+Bcl-2-BMSCs group), Ad-BMSCs (MI+BMSCs group) and DMEM (MI group) in infarction marginal zone 2 weeks after ligation. The cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography.The apoptosis of myocardial cells was measured by TUNEL. The mRNA expression of VEGF was detected by real-time PCR. The expression of CD31 was examined by immunohistochemical staining, and new blood capillaries were counted at 4 weeks after BMSCs transplantation. The correlation of the above values with cardiac function was analyzed.RESULTS: The cardiac function was better, the apoptotic rate was lower, the mRNA expression of VEGF and the capillary density were higher in both MI+Bcl-2-BMSCs group and the MI+BMSCs group than those in MI group, and those in MI+Bcl-2-BMSCs group increased more obviously.The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) had a negative correlation with the myocardial cell apoptosis rate. A positive correlation with the mRNA expression level of VEGF and the capillary density was also observed.CONCLUSION: The transplantation of BMSCs modified by bcl-2 gene significantly reduces the myocardial cell apoptosis, promotes angiogenesis, improves heart function of the rabbits with MI.     

基于ASP.NET的粮库虫害诊断专家系统

采用B／S／S三层体系建立系统，分层产生式规则更接近于人的思维，有效地表达了粮库虫害领域的知识；知识库与推理机分离使得维护知识更加快捷；自动生成界面简约、方便，易于操作；系统通过ASP．NET发布在网上，可以进行远程操作。     

Monitoring of subaqueous depots with active barrier systems for contaminated dredged material using dialysis samplers and DGT probes

Background, Aims and Scope  Disposal of dredged material in subaqueous depots is increasingly considered an economic and ecologically sound option in managing contaminated dredged material. The concept of subaqueous disposals capped with active barrier systems has been developed to minimize this risk of contaminant release. As such a depot represents a permanent installation within a sensitive ecosystem, it requires a thorough monitoring concept. It is the goal of this work to develop such a concept regarding general considerations and results of laboratory and field investigations. Methods  In addition to the state-of-the-art techniques developed for other under-water constructions, this monitoring concept is developed with particular respect to the chemical isolation of the dredged material from the overlying water body. It comprises the use of seepage meters, dialysis samplers, and DGT gel probes for determining the migration of selected target solutes. The capability of the dialysis samplers is demonstrated by comparing field results with model calculations. The appropriateness of DGT probes to assess the impact of humic substances on trace metal speciation and on copper toxicity is demonstrated with the aid of laboratory experiments. Results and Discussion  The experimental results show that, by using dialysis samplers, the temporal changes in concentration-depth-profiles of heavy metals in the pore solution can be monitored. Additionally, the application of DGT probes facilitates the in situ detection of labile species of a metal in the presence of dissolved humic substances, which serves to reflect its toxicity. Conclusions. Three subsequent monitoring phases are distinguished on the basis of both general considerations and the findings from field results: A hydraulic phase that is characterized by compaction and pore water expulsion, a geochemical phase in which the demobilization of pollutants can occur due to substantial changes in the physico-chemical conditions (pH, EH), and a steady-state-phase where pore water flow and geochemical conditions are approaching their minimum. Recommendations and Outlook  The monitoring concept suggested here provides a versatile tool to assess the chemical isolation of subaqueous sediment depots and other contaminated sediment sites. This is of great importance as subaqueous disposal is increasingly considered a future management strategy as space for upland disposal is limited and treatment, in general, proves to be too costly.     

两种抗菌素油剂防治奶牛干奶期乳房炎的疗效比较

以杭州乳房炎诊断法(HMT)、细菌学检验和临床检查结果为依据,综合判断PC-805和TA-125两种抗菌素油剂对干奶期乳房炎的防治效果。66头受试奶牛随机分成两组,第一组35头136个乳区于停奶当天经由乳头管注入20ml PC-805;第二组31头121个乳区以同样方法注入20ml TA-125。第一组牛在干奶前有72个乳区为HMT强阳性(++、+++),至产后降为11个,转阴率为84.7％;第二组牛在干奶前HMT强阳性乳区为66个,产后降至6个,转阴率为90.9％。第一、二组HMT强阳性乳区的细菌转阴率分别为57.4％和68.4％,除去新感染后则分别为70.5％和75.4％。这两种制剂对链球菌感染的效果较好,而对葡萄球菌的作用较差,第一组牛在千奶期间的临床发病率为2.9％,第二组为1.7％。尽管TA-125的疗效较好,但统计结果表明这两种制剂对HMT和细菌转阴率以及临床发病率方面均无显著差异(P>0.05)。     

浅谈中国中小城市的后工业设计理念

伴随着后工业时代的来临,许多传统工业衰落,基地沦为弃置地。这些工业弃置地用途单一、功能过时,但它们是具有严格逻辑的再生资源、景观特色和历史价值,其改造、更新和开发实践的成功与失败引起了广泛的关注和研究。中国中小城市的后工业景观设计实践比较迟,且设计改造大于保留,如何更好的利用这些资源,需要合理的思路。本文分析探讨了一些具体措施,用于工业废弃地的保护和利用。     

RNA干涉技术及其在哺乳动物中的应用进展

RNA干涉(RNA interference,RNAi)作为一种有效的用于转录后基因沉默,从而抑制特定基因表达的技术,近年来在哺乳动物细胞中的研究已取得了长足发展,且在基因功能以及疾病治疗的研究中有着广阔的应用前景。研究表明,哺乳动物细胞中的RNAi作用方式与植物有所不同,笔者对哺乳动物RNAi技术的发展、作用机制及其在基因功能、基因治疗、转基因动物研究、药物开发等方面的应用做了综述。